English: Textual composition of the Gospel of John 11:1–12:11,17. An overview of demonstrable similarities and possible influences, both in having shared content (either directly derived or having a common ancestor), or serving as inspiration, from narrative elements found in the Synoptic Gospels (Mark, Matthew and Luke), hypothetical non-synoptic traditions now lost, and the influence of the author and/or possible later redactor(s) on the surviving text. New Testament scholars seek to explain the apparent relationships between these textual traditions. The author of John seems to have combined elements from several – apparently originally unrelated – stories into a single narrative. These include the unnamed woman's head-anointing of Jesus in Bethany (Mark 14, Matthew 26), the sinful woman's feet-anointing of Jesus in Galilee (Luke 7; these first two may have a common origin, the Lukan account likely being derived from Mark), Jesus' visit to Martha and Mary in the unnamed Galilean village (Luke 10), Jesus' parable of the rich man and Lazarus (Luke 16), and possibly others involving Jesus' miraculous raising of the dead (the raising of Jairus' daughter and the raising of the son of the widow of Nain). Meanwhile, other elements were removed or replaced; for example, Simon the Leper/Simon the Pharisee was replaced by Lazarus as the host of the feast in Jesus' honour, and Bethany in Judea was chosen as the setting, while most elements of John's narrative correspond to traditions that the Synoptics set in Galilee. Scholars pay particular attention to verse John 11:2 (and verse John 11:1), which may represent an effort by the author or a later redactor to stress a connection between these stories, that is, however, not found in the older canonical gospels.