Usuario:ElBarcobasurero/Taller
Esta es una lista de líderes estatales actuales ordenados por su permanencia continua en un puesto de liderazgo nacional. Para los países en los que el jefe de estado y el jefe de gobierno están separados, se enumeran ambas oficinas. Para los líderes que ocuparon el mismo cargo antes de la independencia de su estado, se utiliza el inicio de su mandato, no la independencia. Para obtener una lista de jefes de estado teniendo en cuenta las fechas de independencia, consulte Lista de jefes de estado por precedencia diplomática.
Los estados en los que el jefe de Estado difiere del jefe de gobierno son principalmente sistemas parlamentarios . A menudo un líder ocupa ambos cargos en sistemas presidenciales o dictaduras . Algunos estados tienen sistemas semipresidenciales en los que el papel de jefe de gobierno lo desempeñan tanto el jefe de gobierno que figura en la lista como el jefe de estado.
Lista[editar]
Antes del 2000[editar]
| Assumed office | Leader | State | Office |
|---|---|---|---|
| 5 de octubre de 1967[1] | Hassanal Bolkiah |  Brunéi
|
Sultan |
| 15 de septiembre de 1973 | Carlos XVI Gustavo |  Suecia
|
Rey |
| 30 de junio de 1975 | Paul Biya |  Camerún
|
Primer Ministro: 30 de junio de 1975 – 6 de noviembre de 1982 Presidente: 6 de noviembre de 1982-presente |
| 3 de agosto de 1979 | Teodoro Obiang Nguema[2] |  Guinea Ecuatorial
|
Presidente |
| 13 de octubre de 1981 | Alí Jamenei |  Irán
|
Presidente: 13 de octubre de 1981 – 2 de agosto de 1989 Líder supremo: 4 de junio de 1989 – presente |
| 29 de enero de 1986 | Yoweri Museveni |  Uganda
|
Presidente[3] |
| 25 de abril de 1986 | Ntombi |  Suazilandia[4]
|
Reina regente |
| 25 de abril de 1986 | Mswati III | Suazilandia[4]
|
Rey |
| 13 de noviembre de 1989 | Juan Adán II |  Liechtenstein
|
Principe |
| 17 de enero de 1991 | Harald V |  Noruega
|
Rey |
| 27 de abril de 1991[5] | Isaias Afwerki |  Eritrea
|
Presidente |
| 20 de noviembre de 1992 | Emomali Rahmon |  Tayikistán
|
Presidente de la Asamblea Suprema: 20 de noviembre de 1992-16 de noviembre de 1994 Presidente: 16 de noviembre de 1994 – presente |
| 20 de julio de 1994 | Aleksandr Lukashenko |  Bielorrusia
|
Presidente |
| 7 de febrero de 1996 | Letsie III |  Lesoto
|
Rey[6] |
| 25 de octubre de 1997 | Denis Sassou-Nguesso |  República del Congo
|
Presidente[7] |
| 3 de marzo de 1998 | Enrique |  Luxemburgo
|
Príncipe regente: 3 de marzo de 1998- 7 de octubre de 2000 Gran Duque: 7 de octubre de 2000 – presente |
| 7 de febrero de 1999 | Abdalá II |  Jordania
|
Rey |
| 6 de marzo de 1999 | Hamad bin Isa Al Jalifa |  Baréin[8]
|
Emir: 6 de marzo de 1999 – 14 de febrero de 2002 Rey: 14 de febrero de 2002 – presente |
| 8 de mayo de 1999 | Ismail Omar Guelleh[9] |  Yibuti
|
Presidente |
| 23 de julio de 1999 | Mohamed VI |  Marruecos
|
Rey |
| 9 de agosto de 1999 | Vladímir Putin |  Rusia
|
Primer Ministro: 9 de agosto de 1999-7 de mayo de 2000 Presidente: 31 de diciembre de 1999 – 7 de mayo de 2008 Primer Ministro: 8 de mayo de 2008 – 7 de mayo de 2012 Presidente: 7 de mayo de 2012 – presente |
2000-2009[editar]
| Fecha de posesión | Leader | State | Office |
|---|---|---|---|
| 24 de marzo de 2000 | Paul Kagame |  Ruanda
|
Presidente interino: 24 de marzo – 22 de abril de 2000 Presidente: 22 de abril del 2000 – presente |
| 17 de julio de 2000 | Bashar al-Ásad[10] |  Siria
|
Presidente[11] |
| 14 de marzo de 2003 | Recep Tayyip Erdoğan |  Turquía
|
Primer ministro: 14 de marzo de 2003 – 28 de agosto de 2014 Presidente: 28 de agosto de 2014 – presente |
| 29 de marzo de 2001 | Ralph Gonsalves |  San Vicente y las Granadinas
|
Primer Ministro |
| 12 de mayo de 2003 | Joan-Enric Vives |  Andorra
|
Copríncipes[12] |
| 4 de agosto de 2003 | Ilham Alíyev[13] |  Azerbaiyán
|
Primer Ministro: 4 de agosto de 2003 – 4 de noviembre de 2003[14] Presidente: 31 de octubre de 2003 – presente |
| 12 de diciembre de 2003 | Shavkat Mirziyoyev |  Uzbekistán
|
Primer Ministro: 12 de diciembre de 2003-14 de diciembre de 2016 Presidente: 14 de diciembre de 2016-presente |
| 8 de enero de 2004 | Roosevelt Skerrit |  Dominica
|
Primer Ministro |
| 15 de agosto de 2004 | Luis | Liechtenstein
|
Príncipe regente[15] |
| 14 de octubre de 2004 | Norodom Sihamoni |  Camboya
|
Rey |
| 15 de enero de 2005 | Mahmoud Abbas |  Palestina
|
Presidente[16] |
| 5 de febrero de 2005 | Faure Gnassingbé[17] |  Togo
|
Presidente[18] |
| 31 de marzo de 2005 | Alberto II |  Mónaco
|
Principe |
| 30 de julio de 2005[19] | Salva Kiir Mayardit |  Sudán del Sur[20]
|
Presidente del gobierno regional: 30 de julio de 2005-9 de julio de 2011 Presidente: 9 de julio de 2011-presente |
| 11 de febrero de 2006 | Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum |  Emiratos Árabes Unidos
|
Primer ministro |
| 9 de diciembre de 2006 | Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck |  Bután
|
Rey |
| 10 de enero de 2007 | Daniel Ortega |  Nicaragua
|
Presidente |
| 6 de enero de 2009 | Sheikh Hasina[21] |  Bangladés
|
Primera Ministra[22] |
| 26 de febrero de 2009 | Patrick Allen |  Jamaica
|
Gobernador general[23] |
2010-2013[editar]
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2016-2018[editar]
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2019-2020[editar]
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- ↑ Brunei was a British protected state until 1 January 1984.
- ↑ President Obiang is the nephew of the previous president, Francisco Macías Nguema.
- ↑ Yoweri Museveni was the de facto head of state of Uganda as Commander of the National Resistance Army from 26 January 1986 – 29 January 1986.
- ↑ a b The country was called the Kingdom of Swaziland until 19 April 2018.
- ↑ The country gained independence from Ethiopia on 23 May 1993.
- ↑ Letsie III was previously King of Lesotho from 12 November 1990 – 25 January 1995.
- ↑ Denis Sassou Nguesso was previously President of the People's Republic of the Congo / Republic of the Congo from 8 February 1979 – 31 August 1992. Sassou Nguesso was the de facto head of state of the Republic of the Congo as a militia leader from 15 October 1997 – 25 October 1997.
- ↑ The country was called the State of Bahrain before 14 February 2002.
- ↑ President Guelleh is the nephew of the previous president, Hassan Gouled Aptidon.
- ↑ President Assad is the son of the previous president, Hafez al-Assad.
- ↑ The office of Head of State of Syria has been in dispute between Bashar al-Assad and the President of the National Coalition, Hadi al-Bahra, since 12 September 2023.
- ↑ The Representatives of Andorra each represent their respective Co-Prince. Josep Maria Mauri represents Joan Enric Vives i Sicília and Patrick Strzoda represents Emmanuel Macron.
- ↑ President Aliyev is the son of the previous president, Heydar Aliyev.
- ↑ Artur Rasizade was Acting Prime Minister of Azerbaijan from 6 August 2003 – 4 November 2003.
- ↑ Error en la cita: Etiqueta
<ref>no válida; no se ha definido el contenido de las referencias llamadasAlois - ↑ Mahmoud Abbas was Prime Minister of the Palestinian National Authority from 19 March 2003 – 6 September 2003.
- ↑ President Gnassingbé is the son of the previous president, Gnassingbé Eyadéma.
- ↑ Faure Gnassingbé was previously President of Togo from 5 February 2005 – 25 February 2005.
- ↑ The country gained independence from Sudan on 9 July 2011.
- ↑ It was the Southern Sudan Autonomous Region until 9 July 2011.
- ↑ Sheikh Hasina is the daughter of former president Sheikh Mujibur Rahman.
- ↑ Sheikh Hasina was Prime Minister of Bangladesh from 23 June 1996 – 15 July 2001.
- ↑ Error en la cita: Etiqueta
<ref>no válida; no se ha definido el contenido de las referencias llamadasCommonwealth - ↑ Viktor Orbán was Prime Minister of Hungary from 6 July 1998 – 27 May 2002.
- ↑ Alassane Ouattara was Prime Minister of Ivory Coast from 7 November 1990 – 9 December 1993.
- ↑ Kim Jong-un is the son and grandson of the two previous supreme leaders, Kim Jong Il and Kim Il Sung.
- ↑ The late Kim Il Sung has been designated "Eternal President of North Korea" and the post of President has not been filled since his death on 8 July 1994, making Kim Il-sung in his de jure capacity the only deceased person considered a current head of state in the world. The term Supreme Leader is used as a description, for the sake of brevity, rather than being an official title of a single office. The actual offices held by Kim Jong-un are: General Secretary of the Workers' Party of Korea, Chairman of the Central Military Commission of the Workers' Party of Korea, President of the State Affairs Commission of the DPRK, and Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of the DPRK. The office of President of the State Affairs Commission was formalized as head of state by a constitutional amendment proclaimed on 11 April 2019.
- ↑ Tupou VI (then known as ʻAhoʻeitu ʻUnuakiʻotonga Tukuʻaho) was Prime Minister of Tonga from 3 January 2000 – 11 February 2006.
- ↑ Error en la cita: Etiqueta
<ref>no válida; no se ha definido el contenido de las referencias llamadasAndorra2 - ↑ Presidente interino entre el 5 de marzo al 19 de abril de 2013.
- ↑ a b Error en la cita: Etiqueta
<ref>no válida; no se ha definido el contenido de las referencias llamadasCommonwealth2 - ↑ Leader of Ansar Allah as an insurgency since 2004, until the successful takeover in 2015
- ↑ Prime Minister Trudeau is the son of former Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau.
- ↑ a b The Swiss Federal Council is a collective seven-member Head of State. The President of Switzerland serves solely in a primus inter pares capacity for one year.
- ↑ Andrew Holness was Prime Minister of Jamaica from 23 October 2011 – 5 January 2012.
- ↑ Faustin Touadéra was Prime Minister of the Central African Republic from 22 January 2008 – 17 January 2013.
- ↑ Azali Assoumani was Chief of Staff of the National Development Army (de facto leader of the Comoros) from 30 April 1999 – 6 May 1999, Head of State of the Comoros from 6 May 1999 – 21 January 2002, then the elected President from 6 May 2002 – 26 May 2006.
- ↑ Prem Tinsulanonda was Regent of Thailand from 13 October 2016 – 1 December 2016.
- ↑ President Akufo-Addo is the son of a former president, Edward Akufo-Addo.
- ↑ Prime Minister Jugnauth is the son of a former prime minister and president, Sir Anerood Jugnauth.
- ↑ Error en la cita: Etiqueta
<ref>no válida; no se ha definido el contenido de las referencias llamadasCommonwealth3 - ↑ Ismail Haniyeh was Prime Minister of the Palestinian National Authority from 29 March 2006 – 2 June 2014 (Note: during 29 March 2006 – 14 June 2007, Haniyeh's premiership was not under dispute and he exercised authority over all areas controlled by the Palestinian National Authority), and was Hamas Chief in the Gaza Strip from 2 June 2014 – 13 February 2017.
- ↑ a b Error en la cita: Etiqueta
<ref>no válida; no se ha definido el contenido de las referencias llamadasAndorra3 - ↑ Afioga Tuimalealiʻifano Vaʻaletoʻa Sualauvi II was Acting O le Ao o le Malo from 11 May 2007 – 20 June 2007.
- ↑ «Syria's Idlib enclave: how does it work?». Agence France-Presse (Beirut). France 24. 28 June 2019. Consultado el 10 January 2023. «The head of the Salvation Government is [the prime minister], who assumed his post late last year, but the region's strongman is HTS chief Abu Mohammed al-Jolani.»
- ↑ When Barbados had a monarch as head of state, the Governor-General of Barbados represented Elizabeth II, who was Queen of the country. Sandra Mason was Acting Governor-General of Barbados from 30 May 2012 – 1 June 2012.
- ↑ Julius Maada Bio was Head of State of Sierra Leone (as leader of the Supreme Council of State) from 16 January 1996 – 29 March 1996.
- ↑ The office of Head of State of Cuba was styled as President of the Council of State from 2 December 1976 – 10 October 2019, then as President of the Republic 10 October 2019 – present.
- ↑ a b Error en la cita: Etiqueta
<ref>no válida; no se ha definido el contenido de las referencias llamadasswitz2 - ↑ Félix Tshisekedi is the son of former Prime Minister Étienne Tshisekedi.
- ↑ Kassym-Jomart Tokayev was Acting Prime Minister of Kazakhstan from 1 October 1999 – 12 October 1999, then Prime Minister of Kazakhstan from 12 October 1999 – 28 January 2002.
- ↑ a b c Error en la cita: Etiqueta
<ref>no válida; no se ha definido el contenido de las referencias llamadasCommonwealth4 - ↑ Error en la cita: Etiqueta
<ref>no válida; no se ha definido el contenido de las referencias llamadasfrance24.com2 - ↑ Abdelmadjid Tebboune was Prime Minister of Algeria from 25 May 2017 – 15 August 2017.
- ↑ The Secretary for Foreign Affairs is the de facto head of government of San Marino.
- ↑ Luca Beccari was a Captain Regent of San Marino from 1 April 2014 – 1 October 2014.
- ↑ Robert Abela is the son of former president George Abela.
- ↑ Bouchraya Hammoudi Bayoun was Prime Minister of the Sahrawi Republic from 19 September 1993 – 8 September 1995 and 10 February 1999 – 29 October 2003.
- ↑ Andrey Belousov was acting as Prime Minister for Mikhail Mishustin from 30 April 2020 – 19 May 2020.
- ↑ Zoran Milanović was Prime Minister of Croatia from 23 December 2011 – 22 January 2016.
- ↑ Umaro Sissoco Embaló was Prime Minister of Guinea-Bissau from 18 November 2016 – 30 January 2018.
- ↑ Luis Lacalle Pou is the son of former president Luis Alberto Lacalle.
- ↑ Aleksander Ankvab was Prime Minister of Abkhazia from 14 February 2005 – 13 February 2010 and President of Abkhazia from 29 May 2011 – 1 June 2014. Russia recognized Abkhazia as an independent state on 26 August 2008.
- ↑ The office of Head of Government of Syria has been in dispute between Hussein Arnous and the Prime Minister of the Interim Government, Abdurrahman Mustafa, since 11 June 2020.
- ↑ Prime Minister Salman is the son of the current King, Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa.
- ↑ Maia Sandu was Prime Minister of Moldova from 8 June 2019 – 14 November 2019.