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Usuario:Ryoga Nica/Taller/Partido Democrático del Kurdistán Iraní

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Hîzbî Dêmokiratî Kurdistanî Êran
Secretario/a general Mustafa Hijri
Fundación 16 de agosto de 1945
Escisión de Partido Tudeh[1]​
Eslogan Democracia para Irán, autonomía para Kurdistán[2]​
Ideología Nacionalismo kurdo[3]​
Socialismo democrático[3]​
Socialdemocracia[3]​
Progresismo[3]​
Secularismo[4]​
Historicamente:
Antiimperialismo[5]​
Conservadurismo cultural[6]​
Posición Centroizquierda[7]​
Históricamente:
Izquierda[8]​
Coalición Congreso de Nacionalidades por un Irán Federal (2005–presente)
Consejo Nacional de Resistencia de Irán (1981–1985)[9]​
Frente Unido de Partidos Progresistas (1946–1948)[10]​
Sede Koy Sanjaq, Kurdistán iraquí castillo democrático cerrado desde septiembre de 2023[11]​
Mahabad, Irán (histórico)
País Irán
Colores      Rojo
Afiliación internacional Internacional Socialista (miembro consultivo)
Alianza Progresista
Organización de Naciones y Pueblos No Representados
Membresía 1,200–1,800 (en 2008)[12]​
Sitio web pdki.org

El Partido Democrático del Kurdistán Iraní es un partido político de Irán fundado en 1946.

Participante en Guerra Irán-Irak
Actividad
  • 1945–1946
  • 1966–1967
  • 1977–1978[13]​
  • 1979–1996
  • 2016–presente
Organización
Líder Qazi Muhammad (década de 1940)[14]​
Área de
operaciones		 Kurdistán iraquí, provincia de Kurdistán y provincia de Azerbaiyán Occidental en Irán
Tamaño
  • 12,750 efectivos de infantería y caballería (estimación de 1946)[14]​
  • 10,000–25,000 (estimación de 1979–1983)[15]​
  • 7,000–10,000 regulares más 14,000–20,000 guerrilleros a tiempo parcial (estimación de 1980)[16]​
  • 12,000 Peshmergas junto con 60,000 campesinos armados (estimación de 1982)[17]​
  • 1,500 (estimación de 1996)[13]​
  • 1,200–1,800 (estimación de 2008)[12]​
Relaciones
Aliados
  • Unión Soviética (1945–1991)[18]​
  • Irak (1980–1988)[19]​
  • Aliados no estatales:
  • Unión Patriótica del Kurdistán[15]​[20]​
  • Partido Komala del Kurdistán Iraní (1982−1984;[21]​ desde 2012)[22]​
  • Organización de los Muyahidines del Pueblo de Irán (1981–1985)[9]​
  • Guerrillas Fedai del Pueblo Iraní (1979–1981)[23]​
  • Partido Tudeh (1940s–1950s)[24]​
    • Enemigos
  • Estado Imperial de Irán (1945–1979)
  • República Islámica de Irán (1979−presente)
  • Oponentes no estatales:
  • Partido Komala del Kurdistán Iraní (1984−1991)[25]​
  • Partido de los Trabajadores de Kurdistán (a veces)[26]​

    • Referencias

    [editar]
    1. ↑ Abrahamian, Ervand (1982). Princeton University Press, ed. Iran Between Two Revolutions. p. 453. ISBN 0-691-10134-5. 
    2. ↑ Martin Van Bruinessen (20 de julio de 1986). «Major Kurdish Organizations in Iran». Middle East Research and Information Project. Consultado el 29 de enero de 2017. 
    3. ↑ a b c d Neuberger, Benyamin (2014). University Of Texas Press, Ofra, ed. Kurdish Awakening: Nation Building in a Fragmented Homeland. p. 268. ISBN 978-0-292-75813-1.  |apellido-editor1= y |editor= redundantes (ayuda)
    4. ↑ Monshipouri, Mahmood (2008). Greenwood Press, ed. Iran Today: An Encyclopedia of Life in the Islamic Republic 1. p. 223. ISBN 978-0-313-34163-2.  Parámetro desconocido |entrada= ignorado (ayuda)
    5. ↑ David McDowall (1992). Minority Rights Group, ed. The Kurds: A Nation Denied. p. 70. ISBN 978-1-873194-30-0. «The KDPI (which had moved to the left in the meantime) adopted an anti-imperialist position, declaring their opposition to the Shah's regime...» 
    6. ↑ Abbas Valli (2014). I.B.Tauris, ed. Kurds and the State in Iran: The Making of Kurdish Identity. p. 28. ISBN 978-1-78076-823-6. 
    7. ↑ Abdulla Hawez (7 de julio de 2016). «Iranian Kurds Are Rising Up Against the Mullahs». The Daily Beast. Consultado el 29 de enero de 2017. 
    8. ↑ Rodolfo Stavenhagen (2016). Springer, ed. Ethnic Conflicts and the Nation-State. p. 98. ISBN 978-1-349-25014-1. 
    9. ↑ a b Mark Edmond Clark (2016). «An Analysis of the Role of the Iranian Diaspora in the Financial Support System of the Mujahedin-e-Khalq». En David Gold, ed. Terrornomics. Routledge. pp. 67-68. ISBN 978-1-317-04590-8. 
    10. ↑ Abrahamian, Ervand (1982). Princeton University Press, ed. Iran Between Two Revolutions. p. 301. ISBN 978-0-691-10134-7.  Parámetro desconocido |urlacceso= ignorado (ayuda)
    11. ↑ Andreas Wenger; Alex Wilner (2012). Stanford University Press, ed. Deterring Terrorism: Theory and Practice. p. 240. ISBN 978-0-8047-8347-7. 
    12. ↑ a b Business Monitor International, ed. (2008). «Iran Defence and Security Report, Including 5-Year Industry Forecasts». Archivado desde el original el 28 de febrero de 2017. Consultado el 27 de febrero de 2017. 
    13. ↑ a b Hiro, Dilip (2013). Interlink Publishing, ed. A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Middle East. ISBN 978-1-62371-033-0. 
    14. ↑ a b Michael G. Lortz (2005). «The Kurdish Warrior Tradition and the Importance of the Peshmerga». En Florida State University Libraries, ed. Willing to Face Death: A History of Kurdish Military Forces - the Peshmerga - from the Ottoman Empire to Present-day Iraq (M.A.). p. 27. 
    15. ↑ a b Jeffrey S. Dixon; Meredith Reid Sarkees (2015). SAGE Publications, ed. A Guide to Intra-state Wars: An Examination of Civil, Regional, and Intercommunal Wars, 1816-2014. pp. 384-386. ISBN 978-1-5063-1798-4. 
    16. ↑ Razoux, Pierre (2015). Harvard University Press, ed. The Iran-Iraq War. Appendix E: Armed Opposition. ISBN 978-0-674-91571-8. 
    17. ↑ Alex Peter Schmid; A. J. Jongman (2005). Transaction Publishers, ed. Political terrorism: a new guide to actors, authors, concepts, data bases, theories, & literature. p. 579. ISBN 978-1-4128-0469-1. 
    18. ↑ Belgin San-Akca (2016). Oxford University Press, ed. States in Disguise: Causes of State Support for Rebel. p. 95. ISBN 978-0-19-025090-4. «For example, the Soviet Union supported the Democratic Party of Iranian Kurdistan (KDPI), first against the shah's regime in Iran and then against the religious revolutionary regime. Throughout the Cold War period, the Soviet funds were regularly channeled to the KDPI.» 
    19. ↑ Entessar, Nader (2010). Lexington Books, ed. Kurdish Politics in the Middle East. Lanham. p. 48. ISBN 978-0-7391-4039-0. OCLC 430736528. «Throughout much of the 1980s, the KDPI received aid from the Ba'thi regime of Saddam Hussein, but Ghassemlou broke with Baghdad in 1988 after Iraq used chemical weapons against Kurds in Halabja and then forced Kurdish villagers to...» 
    20. ↑ David Romano (2006). Cambridge University Press, ed. The Kurdish Nationalist Movement: Opportunity, Mobilization and Identity. p. 251. ISBN 978-0-521-68426-2. «The Iraqi PUK and Iranian KDPI have often assisted each other, and roughly 5,000 Kurdish volunteers from Turkey went to Iran to fight Khomeini's government forces in 1979.» 
    21. ↑ Andrew Duncan (2000). Sutton, ed. Trouble Spots: The World Atlas of Strategic Information. ISBN 978-0-7509-2171-8. «The KDPI and Komala agreed to cooperate in late 1982 and enjoyed two years of military success, but when they split...» 
    22. ↑ Joseph R. Rudolph Jr. (2015). ABC-CLIO, ed. Encyclopedia of Modern Ethnic Conflicts, 2nd Edition [2 volumes]. p. 490. ISBN 978-1-61069-553-4. «Moreover, in August 2012, the KDPI and the Komala, now led by Abdullah Mohtadi, reached a strategic agreement calling for federalism in Iran to undo the national oppression suffered by the Kurds.» 
    23. ↑ Zabir, Sepehr (2012). Taylor & Francis, ed. Iran Since the Revolution (RLE Iran D). pp. 108-110. ISBN 978-1-136-83300-7. 
    24. ↑ Michael M. Gunter (2010). Scarecrow Press, ed. Historical Dictionary of the Kurds. p. 133. ISBN 978-0-8108-7507-4. «During the late 1940s and the early 1950s, the Kurdistan Democratic Party of Iran (KDPI) cooperated closely with the Tudeh, or Iranian Communist Party.» 
    25. ↑ Hussein Tahiri (2007). Mazda Publications, ed. The Structure of Kurdish Society and the Struggle for a Kurdish State. Bibliotheca Iranica: Kurdish studies series 8. p. 144. ISBN 978-1-56859-193-3. «Between 1984 and 1991, the KDPI and Komala fought each other vigorously.» 
    26. ↑ It is banned in Iran and thus not able to operate openly.Hajir Sharifi. «PKK- PDKI clash exposes decades of cold war». Rudaw. Consultado el 15 de abril de 2022. 



    | name = | war = Iran crisis of 1946, 1967 Kurdish revolt in Iran, 1979 Kurdish rebellion in Iran, Consolidation of the Iranian Revolution, KDPI–Komala conflict, Iran–Iraq War, KDPI insurgency (1989–96), 2016 West Iran clashes, 2018 Iraqi Kurdistan missile strike | image = | caption =

    | active =

    • 1945–1946
    • 1966–1967
    • 1977–1978[1]​
    • 1979–1996
    • 2016–present

    | ideology = | leaders = Qazi Muhammad (1940s)[2]​ | clans = | headquarters = | area = Iraqi Kurdistan; Kurdistan and West Azerbaijan Provinces in Iran

    | size =

    • 12,750 infantry and cavalry (1946 estimate)[2]​
    • 10,000–25,000 (1979–1983 estimate)[3]​
    • 7,000–10,000 regulars plus 14,000–20,000 part-time guerillas (1980 estimate)[4]​
    • 12,000 Peshmergas along with 60,000 armed peasants (1982 estimate)[5]​
    • 1,500 (1996 estimate)[1]​
    • 1,200–1,800 (2008 estimate)[6]​

    | partof = | predecessor = | successor =

    | allies =

    | split =

    | opponents =

    | battles =


    References

    [editar]
    1. ↑ a b Hiro, Dilip (2013). «Kurdish Democratic Party of Iran». A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Middle East. Interlink Publishing. ISBN 978-1-62371-033-0. 
    2. ↑ a b Michael G. Lortz (2005). «The Kurdish Warrior Tradition and the Importance of the Peshmerga». Willing to Face Death: A History of Kurdish Military Forces - the Peshmerga - from the Ottoman Empire to Present-day Iraq (M.A.). Florida State University Libraries. p. 27. 
    3. ↑ a b Jeffrey S. Dixon; Meredith Reid Sarkees (2015). «INTRA-STATE WAR #816: Anti-Khomeini Coalition War of 1979 to 1983». A Guide to Intra-state Wars: An Examination of Civil, Regional, and Intercommunal Wars, 1816-2014. SAGE Publications. pp. 384-386. ISBN 978-1-5063-1798-4. 
    4. ↑ Razoux, Pierre (2015). The Iran-Iraq War. Harvard University Press. Appendix E: Armed Opposition. ISBN 978-0-674-91571-8. 
    5. ↑ Alex Peter Schmid; A. J. Jongman (2005). «Kurdish Democratic Party of Iran». Political terrorism: a new guide to actors, authors, concepts, data bases, theories, & literature. Transaction Publishers. p. 579. ISBN 978-1-4128-0469-1. 
    6. ↑ Error en la cita: Etiqueta <ref> no válida; no se ha definido el contenido de las referencias llamadas BMI
    7. ↑ Belgin San-Akca (2016). States in Disguise: Causes of State Support for Rebel. Oxford University Press. p. 95. ISBN 978-0-19-025090-4. «For example, the Soviet Union supported the Democratic Party of Iranian Kurdistan (KDPI), first against the shah's regime in Iran and then against the religious revolutionary regime. Throughout the Cold War period, the Soviet funds were regularly channeled to the KDPI.» 
    8. ↑ Entessar, Nader (2010). Kurdish Politics in the Middle East. Lanham: Lexington Books. p. 48. ISBN 978-0-7391-4039-0. OCLC 430736528. «Throughout much of the 1980s, the KDPI received aid from the Ba'thi regime of Saddam Hussein, but Ghassemlou broke with Baghdad in 1988 after Iraq used chemical weapons against Kurds in Halabja and then forced Kurdish villagers to...» 
    9. ↑ David Romano (2006). The Kurdish Nationalist Movement: Opportunity, Mobilization and Identity. Cambridge University Press. p. 251. ISBN 978-0-521-68426-2. «The Iraqi PUK and Iranian KDPI have often assisted each other, and roughly 5,000 Kurdish volunteers from Turkey went to Iran to fight Khomeini's government forces in 1979.» 
    10. ↑ Andrew Duncan (2000). «Iran». Trouble Spots: The World Atlas of Strategic Information. Sutton. ISBN 978-0-7509-2171-8. (requiere registro). «The KDPI and Komala agreed to cooperate in late 1982 and enjoyed two years of military success, but when they split...» 
    11. ↑ Joseph R. Rudolph Jr. (2015). Encyclopedia of Modern Ethnic Conflicts, 2nd Edition [2 volumes]. ABC-CLIO. p. 490. ISBN 978-1-61069-553-4. «Moreover, in August 2012, the KDPI and the Komala, now led by Abdullah Mohtadi, reached a strategic agreement calling for federalism in Iran to undo the national oppression suffered by the Kurds.» 
    12. ↑ Error en la cita: Etiqueta <ref> no válida; no se ha definido el contenido de las referencias llamadas NCRI
    13. ↑ Zabir, Sepehr (2012). Iran Since the Revolution (RLE Iran D). Taylor & Francis. pp. 108-110. ISBN 978-1-136-83300-7. 
    14. ↑ Michael M. Gunter (2010). Historical Dictionary of the Kurds. Scarecrow Press. p. 133. ISBN 978-0-8108-7507-4. «During the late 1940s and the early 1950s, the Kurdistan Democratic Party of Iran (KDPI) cooperated closely with the Tudeh, or Iranian Communist Party.» 
    15. ↑ Hussein Tahiri (2007). The Structure of Kurdish Society and the Struggle for a Kurdish State. Bibliotheca Iranica: Kurdish studies series 8. Mazda Publications. p. 144. ISBN 978-1-56859-193-3. «Between 1984 and 1991, the KDPI and Komala fought each other vigorously.» 
    16. ↑ It is banned in Iran and thus not able to operate openly.Hajir Sharifi. «PKK- PDKI clash exposes decades of cold war». Rudaw. Consultado el 15 de abril de 2022. 
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